P-176: Infertility and Smoking

Background: Approximately 30% of reproductive age women and 35% of reproductive age men in the United States smoke cigarettes. Substantial harmful effects of cigarette smoke on fecundity and reproduction have become apparent but are not generally appreciated. smoking is becoming increasingly popular in many parts of the world as in eastern Mediterranean and Arabic countries including Iran. The aim of this study is To evaluate the impact of smoking on fertility outcome. Materials and Methods: A literature review was undertaken using the scientific resources on the Internet such as Pubmed, Science direct, google scholar, to find about studies With the search words: Infertility -smoking-conception and complication, from 1990 to 2012. Results: Overall, the literature strongly supports an association between cigarette smoking and infertility. The association between smoking and increased risk for infertility is statistically significant but not particularly strong in most studies. The association between smoking and decreased fertility is generally quite consistent across most studies. A number of studies have demonstrated a dose dependent adverse effect of smoking on fertility .Even at one-half pack per day use, female cigarette consumption has been associated consistently with decreased fecundity. Smoking is associated with increased risks of spontaneous abortion and ectopic pregnancy. Available biologic, experimental, and epidemiological data indicate that up to 13% of infertility may be attributable to cigarette smoking. Smoking appears to accelerate the loss of reproductive function and may advance the time of menopause by 1 to 4 years. Conclusion: The accumulated evidence supports the value of taking a preventive approach to infertility by discouraging smoking and helping to eliminate exposure to tobacco smoke in both women and men.